Russian dogs are one of the world’s most ancient breeds. They come in a variety of sizes and colors, but all share some distinctive traits that set them apart from other dog breeds. For example, they have deep-set eyes with heavy brows and an elongated snout which makes them look like teddy bears! Let’s take a closer look at 10 of Russia’s most popular dog breeds.
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Tchiorny Terrier
The tchiorny terrier is a rare breed from Russia that was originally bred as a fighting dog during the late 19th century. The dogs were named after the Tchiorna River in Moscow, and they were used by members of the Russian underworld to attack their opponents! These days, this breed is more likely to behave itself – although it’s important to be aware that tchiorny terriers have a reputation for being aggressive toward other dogs.
Caucasian Shepherd Dog
The Caucasian shepherd dog is not only one of Russia’s oldest breeds, but it’s also one of the most famous in the world! A loyal and powerful protector, this breed was first used as a sheepdog by mountain tribes. They were later exported to other countries for use as guard dogs. Today, Caucasian shepherd dogs are calm and brave animals that make great companions for active families who love spending time outdoors!
Central Asian Shepherd Dog
The Central Asian shepherd dog is a fearless and strong breed originally from the mountains of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyztan and Kazakhstan. These large dogs have been used as guard dogs on cattle farms for many centuries, even long before the Soviet Union existed. They stand up to 27 inches tall at the shoulder and can weigh up to 150 pounds! Although these dogs are not very common in Russia today, they remain extremely popular in their native countries.
East Siberian Laika
East Siberian Laikas are one of the oldest breeds to originate in Siberia. They were first brought to northern Asia by ancient nomads to act as hunting companions and guard dogs. These incredibly hardy animals can live for up to 16 years, which is nearly twice as long as most other dog breeds! East Siberian Laikas typically have double coats that keep them warm during harsh winters, but they also shed heavily so you’ll want to brush them regularly.
Central Russian Hound
The central Russian hound may have a funny name, but it’s actually one of the most popular dog breeds in its home country. These dogs have been used as hunters for centuries by Russian nobles, and they were even owned by the royal family during the reign of Empress Catherine the Great! These energetic and intelligent animals grow up to be approximately 27 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 50 and 70 pounds. They come in a variety of colors including brown brindle, black brindle, liver red, red pied and white with orange spots.
Black Russian Terrier
Black Russian terriers are one of the largest dog breeds in Russia today. They were originally bred after World War II to serve as guard dogs for Soviet troops patrolling remote regions where wolves were abundant. Today, this breed is popular all over the world due to their intelligence, strength and imposing appearance! They typically weigh up to 100 pounds and grow up to 28 inches tall at the shoulder.
Siberian Husky
The Siberian husky is a medium-sized working dog that’s energetic, playful and affectionate – but they can also be quite mischievous on occasion. These dogs are known for howling instead of barking, which means they may not make the best guard dogs if you live in close quarters! However, they’re perfect for active families who love spending time outdoors because of their thick coat that keeps them warm during chilly months. Despite their name, Siberian huskies aren’t actually native to Siberia – they were first bred by American Natives before being imported into Russia.
Tchiorny Terrier
The tchiorny terrier is a rare breed from Russia that was originally bred as a fighting dog during the late 19th century. The dogs were named after the Tchiorna River in Moscow, and they were used by members of the Russian underworld to attack their opponents! These days, this breed is more likely to behave itself – although it’s important to be aware that tchiorny terriers have a reputation for being aggressive toward other dogs.
Caucasian Ovtcharka

The Caucasian ovcharka is one of the most impressive-looking dog breeds in Russia today! They stand up to 28 inches tall at the shoulder and typically grow up to 130 pounds. Despite their intimidating appearance, these dogs are very hardy and gentle with children around the family. They were originally bred to guard livestock, so they may not be suitable for people who live in apartments. However, these dogs are perfect for people who love spending time outdoors!
Borzoi
Borzois were brought to Russia by traders from Afghanistan during the 16th century, but their roots can actually be traced back as far as 4000 B.C! These elegant dogs were first bred to hunt small game like rabbits or foxes, but they’ve also been used as royal pets ever since Empress Elizabeth owned one (and even after that). Today, borzois typically grow up to 27 inches tall at the shoulder and weigh between 65 and 80 pounds. Although this breed has a gentle temperament around the family, they’re typically aloof with strangers.